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Monolithic kernel
A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture where the entire operating system is working in kernel space and is alone in supervisor mode. The monolithic model differs from other operating system architectures (such as the microkernel architecture)[1][2] in that it alone defines a high-level virtual interface over computer hardware. A set of primitives or system calls implement all operating system services such as process management, concurrency, and memory management. Device drivers can be added to the kernel as modules.
Structure of monolithic kernel, microkernel and hybrid kernel-based operating systems
Contents
1Loadable modules
2Monolithic architecture examples
3References
4See also
Loadable modules
Modular operating systems such as OS-9 and most modern monolithic operating systems such as OpenVMS, Linux, BSD, and UNIX variants such as SunOS, and AIX, in addition to MULTICS, can dynamically load (and unload) executable modules at runtime. This modularity of the operating system is at the binary (image) level and not at the architecture level. Modular monolithic operating systems are not to be confused with the architectural level of modularity inherent in Server-Client operating systems (and its derivatives sometimes marketed as hybrid kernel) which use microkernels and servers (not to be mistaken for modules or daemons). Practically speaking, dynamically loading modules is simply a more flexible way of handling the operating system image at runtime — as opposed to rebooting with a different operating system image. The modules allow easy extension of the operating systems's capabilities as required.[3] Dynamically loadable modules incur a small overhead when compared to building the module into the operating system image. However, in some cases, loading modules dynamically (as-needed) helps to keep the amount of code running in kernel space to a minimum; for example, to minimize operating system footprint for embedded devices or with limited hardware resources. Namely, an unloaded module need not to be stored in the scarce random access memory.
Monolithic architecture examples
Unix kernels
BSD
FreeBSD
NetBSD
OpenBSD
Solaris 1 / SunOS 1.x-4.x
UNIX System V
AIX
HP-UX
Unix-like kernels
Linux
DOS
DR-DOS
MS-DOS
Microsoft Windows 9x series (95, 98, Windows 98SE, Me)
OpenVMS
XTS-400
References
^"Modular system programming in Minix3".
^"Server-Client, or layered structure". The Design of PARAS Microkernel. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
^"Kernel Definition".
See also
Exokernel
Hybrid kernel
Kernel (computer science)
Microkernel
Nanokernel
Operating system
General
Advocacy
Comparison
History
Hobbyist development
List
Timeline
Usage share
Kernel
Architectures
Exokernel
Hybrid
Microkernel
Monolithic
Components
Device driver
Loadable kernel module
Microkernel
User space
Process management
Concepts
Context switch
Interrupt
IPC
Process
Process control block
Thread
Scheduling algorithms
Computer multitasking
Fixed-priority preemptive
Multilevel feedback queue
Preemptive
Round-robin
Shortest job next
Memory management and resource protection
General protection fault
Memory protection
Paging
Security rings
Segmentation fault / Bus error
Virtual memory
Storage access and file systems
Boot loader
Defragmentation
Device file
File attribute
Inode
Journal
Partition
Virtual file system
Virtual tape library
List
AmigaOS
Android
BeOS
BSD
DOS
GNU
Linux
Mac OS
MorphOS
OS/2
ReactOS
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Miscellaneous concepts
API
Computer network
HAL
Live CD
Live USB
OS shell
CLI
GUI
TUI
VUI
PXE
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Tags: Monolithic kernel, Sistem Telekomunikasi, 3055, Monolithic kernel A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture where the entire operating system is working in kernel space and is alone in supervisor mode, The monolithic model differs from other operating system architectures (such as the microkernel architecture) [ ] [ 2 ] in that it alone defines a high level virtual interface over computer hardware, A set of primitives or syste, Monolithic kernel, Bahasa Indonesia, Contoh Instruksi, Tutorial, Referensi, Buku, Petunjuk p2k, stiewidyadarmasby.ac.id
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